Scientists have moved a step closer to understanding how one of our body's own proteins helps stop the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in its tracks.
07 Nov 2011 - The study, carried out by researchers at The University of Manchester and the Medical Research
Council's National Institute for Medical Research and published in Nature, provides a blueprint for the design of new drugs to
treat HIV infection, say the researchers.
Scientists in the United States and France recently discovered that a protein named SAMHD1 was able to prevent
HIV replicating in a group of white blood cells called myeloid cells.
Now, crucially, the teams from Manchester and the MRC have shown how SAMHD1 prevents the virus from
replicating itself within these cells, opening up the possibility of creating drugs that imitate this biological
process to prevent HIV replicating in the sentinel cells of the immune system.
"HIV is one of the most common chronic infectious diseases on the planet, so understanding its biology is
critical to the development of novel antiviral compounds," said Dr Michelle Webb, who led the study in Manchester's
School of Biomedicine.
"SAMHD1 has been shown to prevent the HIV virus replicating in certain cells but precisely how it does this wasn't known. Our
research has found that SAMHD1 is able to degrade deoxynucleotides, which are the building blocks required for replication of
the virus.
"If we can stop the virus from replicating within these cells we can prevent it from spreading to other cells and halt the progress
of the infection."
Co-author Dr Ian Taylor, from the MRC's National Institute for Medical Research, added: "We now wish to define more precisely,
at a molecular level, how SAMHD1 functions. This will pave the way for new therapeutic approaches to HIV-1 and even vaccine development."
The study was funded by the Medical Research Council, the European Union Seventh Framework Programme and the European
Leukodystrophy Association.
Ends
For further information contact:
Aeron Haworth
Media Relations
Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences
The University of Manchester
Tel: 0161 275 8383
Mob: 07717 881563
Email: aeron.haworth@manchester.ac.uk
Source: University of Manchester
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/aboutus/news/display/?id=7628
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